Machine Learning (ML), as a part of Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods, has considerably shaped the way we live in the past years. AI is incorporated in today’s search engines, marketing solutions, smart devices, social media, autonomous vehicles, drones, entertainment, industrial inspection, games, military… and as such, it has a profound impact on our lives. In all likelihood, this impact will only increase in the years to come. Slowly, but surely, AI is making its way to medical and clinical applications. Before we dive into specific AI applications and use cases, let us discuss for a moment what AI and ML are.